How much heat will be required to convert 65 kg of water at 15 degrees C into saturated steam at 650 kPa?

To determine the heat required to convert water at a specific temperature into saturated steam at a given pressure, it is essential to calculate two main components: the heat needed to raise the temperature of the water to its boiling point and the heat required for the phase change from liquid to vapor.

1. Raising the temperature of the water: The initial temperature of the water is 15 degrees Celsius. We need to find the boiling point of water at 650 kPa. Looking up steam tables, we find that the saturation temperature at 650 kPa is approximately 40.1 degrees Celsius.

The specific heat capacity of water is typically around 4.18 kJ/kg·°C. To calculate the heat required to raise 65 kg of water from 15 degrees Celsius to 40.1 degrees Celsius, we use the formula:

[

Q_1 = m \cdot c \cdot \Delta T

]

where:

• ( m ) = mass of the water (65 kg),

• ( c ) = specific heat capacity (4.18 kJ/kg·°C),

• ( \Delta T ) = change in temperature (40.