Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating force?

The correct formula for calculating force is derived from Newton's second law of motion, which states that force equals mass multiplied by acceleration. This relationship indicates that the force acting on an object is directly proportional to the mass of the object and the acceleration it experiences.

In this context, mass represents the amount of matter in an object, while acceleration refers to the rate of change of velocity of that object. Thus, when you multiply mass by acceleration, you obtain the force exerted on the object, typically measured in newtons (N).

Other options present incorrect formulas for calculating force. For instance, mass multiplied by volume does not relate to force, as volume pertains to the space occupied by an object, not its motion. Weight multiplied by mass does not align with the definitions of force either; weight itself is a force that acts due to gravity, and mass is a separate measurement that contributes to the effect of gravity rather than a multiplier in the force equation. Weight multiplied by volume is also not relevant, as this does not offer a meaningful relationship to define force in physics.